Sulfur dioxide (SO₂) is a gas, which is invisible and has a nasty, sharp smell. Cause chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Continue to damage the lungs even when the symptoms have disappeared.Make the lungs more susceptible to infection.Increase the frequency of asthma attacks.Aggravate lung diseases such as asthma, emphysema, and chronic bronchitis.Inflame and damage the breathing airways.Cause coughing and sore or scratchy throat.Cause shortness of breath, and pain when taking a deep breath.Make it more difficult to breathe deeply and vigorously.Ozone (O₃) pollution in the lower troposphere is caused mainly in urban areas.
Often, the dust particles are small, leading to high concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 and all related health impacts.įorecasts of concentrations of air pollution gases are presented in the third panel. PM2.5 increases the age-specific mortality risk, particularly from cardiovascular causes.ĭesert Dust consists of particles smaller than 62 μm originating in deserts.The biggest impact of particulate air pollution on public health is understood to be from long-term exposure to PM2.5: PM10 includes fine particulate matter defined as PM2.5, which are fine particles with a diameter of 2.5 μm or less. PM10 reduces the body's ability to fight infections.PM10 causes or aggravate bronchitis and other lung diseases.PM10 can increase the number and severity of asthma attacks.PM10 are among the most harmful of all air pollutants. PM10 is visible by eye as the haze that we think of as smog. Particulate matter also forms when gases emitted from motor vehicles and industry undergo chemical reactions in the atmosphere. They are a mixture of materials that can include smoke, soot, dust, salt, acids, and metals. These particles are less than 10 microns in diameter (approximately 1/7th the thickness of the a human hair) and are defined as PM10. Of greatest concern to public health are the particles small enough to be inhaled into the deepest parts of the lung. Sources of particulate matter can be natural or anthropogenic. Atmospheric particulate matter (PM) are microscopic solid or liquid matter suspended in the air. The second panel shows the forecast of particles (PM and desert dust) for Elk Grove. Therefore, measurements along roads will show higher values than forecast here. meteoblue uses the background index, because weather models can not reproduce small-scale differences along the roads. The Air Quality index is defined separately near roads (“roadside” index) or away from roads ("background" index). For the pollen forecast there are no official guidelines for color-coding, as pollen are not part of the Air Quality Index forecast.
CAQI colour-coding is used in all air pollution forecast panels of the meteogram to indicate the level of pollution. It is a number on a scale from 1 to 100, where a low value (green colors) means good air quality and a high value (red colors) means bad air quality. The top panel shows the forecast for the Common Air Quality Index (CAQI) used in Europe since 2006.
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